Interesting. Your posts are very informative but could I suggest that you consolidate them all into one document per topic (e.g. iodine). I realise it might be too early to do this in some cases if you are on a journey of discovery yourself but I think it would be very valuable to have all of your thoughts on a subject cohesively presented in one chunk. As it stands, you have to be following this blog to get the full picture of what you're talking about, unless you are willing to trawl through previous posts.

Perhaps you could do it in the form of an editable wiki-like page which shows past changes, or just a post that keeps getting edited with a "last updated" note. Or failing all of that you could just tag all your iodine-related posts with "iodine".

I think you have something valuable to say but if you want it to be accessible to wandering internet users you should think about the presentation more.

Thanks and keep up the good work!

you seem to be basing your views on thyroid and heart disease on the HUNT study, and the more recent one you cite, however, the results seem to indicate low thyroid and cardiac events more associated with woman then men.  There did not appear to be a relationship with low thyroid and coronary events in men.  If so, why the across the board reoommendation for iodine for both me and women in light of data not crystal clear for men?

I find using the search facility brings up all the blogs on Iodine
However perhaps you are right as there are now sufficient blogs about IODINE for them to be given their own label.

Do healthy people limit meat? Or do you mean people that are attentive to their health, even if they're following not-so-great advice?

I disagree with thequickbrownfox.  Repetition is good.  After the first two iodine posts I made a mental note to get some iodine or kelp and promptly forgot.  It was after the third iodine post that I finally acted: I bought iodine and started taking it.  

I also appreciate that the posts are brief; I have bookmarked dozens of long posts in Dr. Eades' blog that are always too long to read right now.  

Don't change anything.  I love this blog the way it is.  Thank you for taking the time to pass along your knowledge.

i think the search option on the upper left corner works just fine if some one searches it for example. iodine, thyroid, vitamin d3 etc.

Although I think Dr. Davis is right about many things, I'm not so sure he's so right about iodine. Why not recommend iodine testing first? Supplementing with no idea if the person is deficient or not doesn't make sense to me.

If thyroid function is low, what if it's due to Hashimoto's and increased iodine worsens the condition?

I would have a concern about the person who glances over these blogs, feels their suspected sluggish thyroid needs some iodine help, then worsens their health due to Hashi's.

steve K, you're right. The data in men is not convincing re. iodine or thyroid; difficult to say why exactly. However, I've read some convincing mechanistical evidence suggesting that low T3/T4 levels likely promote CVD. It's quite a believable hypothesis.

However, I'm somewhat worried about 'messing' with such an important hormone, even though we don't understand all the details and don't have a clue what the 'default setting' of our body is and whether the default values would be any good re. long term health (not just CVD).

IIRC Hypothyroid snell dwarf mice exhibit an increased life span and no clear benefits of T3/T4 supplementation have been demonstrated in the elderly/very old.

Hi Nameless! Even though Dr. Davis has presented some interesting evidence showing that healthy people may be more prone to deficiency, I second what you say:
Get a doctor's opinion before treating yourself, check thyroid levels and also try to get baseline iodine levels (urinary excretion).

Even though iodine (and vitamin D) are free of side-effects in most people, there are diseases which can precule supplemenation (w/o medical supervision at least).

@  Nameless
But surely it is a matter of priorities.
40% of women across the UK consume less than half of the recommended levels of iodine.

Surely more real harm will occur if nothing is done about the deficiency state currently harming 4 out of 10 in the UK, as a result of fear of excessive intake that only potentially may harm 1 in 1000.

Dr Davis has simply reminded us we need to check our Iodine intake and  be certain we can account for the RDA. I've read nothing here encouraging excessive iodine intake.
Tolerable Upper Iodine Intake Levels and The Daily Reference Intakes (DRI) for iodine are shown at this link.

Iodine does not worsen Hashi's. It's used to cure Hashi's.

the study:
"IIRC Hypothyroid snell dwarf mice exhibit an increased life span and no clear benefits of T3/T4 supplementation have been demonstrated in the elderly/very old".
However, few things these studies are not able to demonstrate that how do these mice feel and they don't have to live and perform in a society like us humans?
people with hypothyroid may look normal, are able to complete day to day tasks like a normal person(specially high will power individuals, athletes etc.). But yet these individuals feel terrible from inside.  The symptoms may includes the followings:
Over reacting,
Over thinking,
Irritability,
Low stamina even though 7 days week at the gym and eating healthy,
See themselves as victims for no apparent reason,
Not successful in relationships.
Not being able to hold job.
Split personality in seconds.

I believe that the only doctors, who are hypo or hyper themselves and have treated their thyroid misery successfully, can then understand fully as to what this disease is all about and what was poor patient crying about?  This is not even close to one study fits all kind of disease.
The notion "get doctor’s opinion" has gotten low marks on my list after suffering with hypo all of my life and going through bunch of most dumb doctors that I have seen and I can bet that most of those doctors themselves are suffering from either low iodine or thyroid.
When someone gets medical college's degree and license, doesn't necessarily means that he or she is "God". My faith has completely shaken in most of these doctors who try to fit every human being in to the "normal" test numbers.
The internet is the best thing happened to the society. Where no one needs any "degree" to give their opinion. Where no medical college can suspend any license to punish people, who don't fall in to the drug company driven education trap.  
Even for a moment, if we believe in the notion of “get doctor’s opinion”. Then Doctor Davis is a doctor and he is giving his opinion. What is wrong with it?
me and my family has suffered for all of our lives with simple stubbornness of the stupid doctors and i don't wish any body else to go through the same. therefore the best remedy is to educate your self. your body is the most important tool that good has given. spend some time educating your self.  
As  Dr. Abraham, G.E   is explaining that,
“The worst form of domestic bioterrorism is the dissemination of iodophobic misinformation in order to discourage the use of adequate amount of iodine for whole body sufficiency (orthoiodosupplementation).2-4 Today, the public relies heavily on the Internet for health information. Rarely do they search for the original publications. Whoever supplies health information on the Internet controls the health of the Internet user. Control of health information on the Internet by iodophobic bioterrorists is a real threat to a population who depends on this source of information to make health-related decisions. Such a population is vulnerable and most likely will end up adopting iodophobic decisions to their detriment. Once caught in the iodophobic Net, it becomes a vicious cycle, difficult to exit.
Iodophobic bioterrorism can be prevented through education of health care professionals and the public at large. Remember that the easiest and most effective way to destroy a nation is the removal of iodine from the food supply. Iodophobic bioterrorism is a real threat to our nation, and the enemies within our gates masquerade as guardians of our thyroid gland”.
Here is link to the full article.

http://www.optimox.com/pics/Iodine/IOD-04/IOD_04.html

I've read conflicting info regarding iodine and Hashimoto's. There is some data suggesting iodine can make matters worse.

And iodine doesn't 'cure' Hashimoto's (or at least I haven't found any evidence it cures it). It may improve thyroid function if hypo, but Hashimoto's is when thyroid antibodies attack the thyroid gland. Selenium + thyroid hormones can lower these antibodies, but I haven't read any data as to iodine having the same effect.

http://thyroid-disorders.suite101.com/article.cfm/iodine_and_hashimotos_thyroiditis

How much of this is localized?  Isn't Dr. Davis located in Wisconsin, which known to have low iodine in the soil?

Thanks for the wonderful description, Kris.

Iodine does indeed make Hashimoto's worse if taken during a flare-up. Iodine will make any form of hyperthyroidism worse, for that matter.

However, it does not mean that iodine is not important for health for the other 99%+ of people, those not in the midst of a hyperthyroid flare.

Iodine need is life-long. That's why, when people are deprived for years, iodine provided to an iodine-deficient person can encounter a thyroid unaccustomed to sufficient iodine. This can also provoke transient hyperthyroidism. I've seen this happen twice in the last several hundred people.

There is quite a long lecture from Dr. Brownstein at this link.
Iodine_->The_Most Misunderstood_Nutrient Iodine: Why You Need It, Why You Can't Live Without It.
Dr. Brownstein feels iodine is the most misunderstood nutrient.
He feels it is impossible to achieve your optimal health when there is iodine deficiency present.

Dr. Davis, any thoughts about why hypothyroidism and low ferritin levels seem to be associated? Does iodine deficiency adversely impact iron storage?

But what about Hashi people who become even more hypo with iodine treatment?  I know this sounds contradictory to what you are saying, but it's been reported on pubmed as occurring (autoimmune reaction causing more thyroid destruction perhaps?).

Most of the articles I've read, in fact, say not to supplement iodine above RDA if you have Hashi's.

For Doctor Davis' patients, this may be fine, since they are under a doctor's care. But I expect a decent percentage of people reading this blog who decide to take iodine won't be taking it through a doctor,  restrict only to RDA levels, get full thyroid workups or even iodine testing. I'm just saying some caution should be considered too... hence why to get tested before supplementing.

"Iodine does indeed make Hashimoto's worse if taken during a flare-up".
Dr. Davis, while we are at this subject, here is more about hashi and iodine.

http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-34820500_ITM
or
http://www.optimox.com/pics/Iodine/IOD-22/IOD_22.htm

back in 2007 i read this. it came from another blog by Dr. Joe(don't know the last name)and it helps adding another dimension to this puzzle.
"Graves' Disease Caused by a Tummy Ache?
If you are like most people (and even most doctors), you may have a hard time wrapping your mind around the fact that a problem in your gut can cause a problem in your thyroid (which is way up in your neck). There is strong evidence that proves that this just might be the underlying issue in many cases of Graves' disease.
Graves thyroiditis, also known as Graves' disease, is an autoimmune disorder that attacks the thyroid gland. While there can be acute attacks of thyroiditis, Graves' disease is usually a more slow acting autoimmune disorder.
There is evidence that a specific strand of pathogen (though there can be many different kinds not as well documented) called Yersinia enterocolitica that has been shown to cause Graves thyroiditis.
A common medical treatment for Graves thyroiditis is radiation or surgical removal of the thyroid gland. The thought is that if you remove the overactive thyroid gland, then you remove the problem. This line of thinking ignores the fact that there is still the underlying problem of the Yersinia enterocolitica.
If the treatment was aimed in addressing the pathogen Yersinia enterocolitica instead of the thyroid, you may have been able to forgo the ablating of the thyroid gland.
So how did Yersinia enterocolitica even get into the bloodstream to cause Graves' disease?
Most likely in cases of dysbiosis (or overgrowth of unhealthy bugs within your gut lining), there is an overgrowth of Yersinia enterocolitica within the gut. When this pathogen is allowed to flourish in the gut lining, changes to the gut lining may enable Yersinia enterocolitica to pass through when it should not.

Once Yersinia enterocolitica is in the bloodstream, your immune system recognizes it, tags it is a foreign invader, and then attacks it.
It is believed that the protein makeup of Yersinia enterocolitica is similar to that of the protein structures on the thyroid. What happens is your immune system gets "tag happy" and tags your thyroid gland as well. Now your body cannot decipher a difference between Yersinia enterocolitica and your thyroid gland. You now have what is known as an autoimmune disease".

if we read here:
http://books.google.ca/books?id=O2R2OU62e3wC&pg=PA14&lpg=PA14&dq=iodine+Yersinia+enterocolitica&source=bl&ots=wJThoF5O-V&sig=49ltwzAKE8sFbgVY7fPS1eYJjhE&hl=en&ei=a5UtSruvCaPQMoOhqM0J&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2#PPA14,M1
about infective agents and iodine, it may shed some light on this mystery.

You might want to change the title of the post from "healthy" to "health-conscious." People who limit salt, fat, and meat, and who knock themselves out with exercise are not healthy, as your examination of them attests. They care about their health, but because they have assimilated all the current but erroneous commonplaces about how to be healthy, ironically they are unhealthy.

Antineoplastic effect of iodine in mammary cancer: participation of 6-iodolactone (6-IL) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR).
This  report  confirms previous  observations that treatment reduces mammary cancer incidence,decreases the proliferative rate, and induces apoptosis in cancerous mammary  cells without  any  secondary  adverse  effect on  the  thyroid or  general health.

Hi Doc:

The fundamental importance of thyroid and vitamin D status to heart, vascular, and general health have interested me for many years, and your willingness to provide some informal feedback from your patient base is unique.

I have another supplement that I have studied, and used moderately for going on  20 years, and which I believe has significance in the broader context. (personally I am in excellent health in my 74th year).
The supplement is melatonin, which has been primarily asociated with sleep, but which I believe is much more fundamental. (relevant to TYP?)
I imagine that a high percentage of both your patients and blog followers are in their mid to later years, and may have used or considered it.

The following LEF article sums it up pretty well. Would you please consider, and give us your assessment.

http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2008/aug2008_Beyond-Sleep-New-Medical-Applications-for-Melatonin_01.htm

Regards,

MikeV

Dr Davis

Check out Kamstrup's new article on LP(a) in the new JAMA.  Interesting stuff.  Two new THYROMIMETIC drugs in the pipeline to lower LP(a)?  I wonder just what is the relationship between thyroid function and LP(a) levels.

Sorry,
I missed the fact that melatonin had previously been a topic in May.
Mike V

I started to take some custom lugols ( 7 % , 99.9 pure , 40% grain alcohol , 1 mg free iodine with around 3 mg KI) diluted in distilled water in small quantities of 10mg 2 months ago. I take in morning with empty stomach; I eat lot of Mg in fruits etc. I also eat yogurt a lot all my life.

First I found that my lungs were more effective and my heart was very calm even when doing exercises. (Like the right ventricular was more effective with iodine supplement)

after around 150mg ingested, after one month I started by having a slight pinching sensation on my heart just couple millimeters far from the sternum bone, on the left.

After taking some more up to 350 mg cumulative dose for 2 months I had many upsets especially in the evenings. It happened 7 times, but last night I panicked because my heart seems to stop working in the right ventricular for around 30 seconds, I was in sweat, shaking white and in shock. But no heart pain or chest pain at all, just a very bad discomfort, a feeling of something disturbed or that the heart pulse on the right side was very weak. The void in my chest lasted all morning, Aspirin didn’t help at all. I spent most of the day in bed because it seems to help my heart. Any effort brings back the symptoms.

Very important is that these heart problems happen only when I take breaks from iodine; it seems to happen around 4 - 6 days after i stop taking iodine.

I am taking an appointment with doc today.

I really don’t feel with fever, or anything. Just this heart problem...

I also experienced a metallic taste after 1.5 month and this is when I started to take 4 - 6 days breaks of iodine intake.

Probably that if I am to resume iodine intake my heart will go back to normal but I won’t take it before I see a doctor.

Heart  disease is one of the most  dangerous disease which takes thousands of life every years all over the world. If we know its symptoms and Treatment for heart disease. We can prevent is to large extent.

I have engaged in more discussion about fish oil than any other supplement. Just remember we could care less about the fish oil, what we are after is the EPA+DHA Omega 3 in the oil. The rule of thumb is, "the higher the price, the more Omega 3." You can save money and get the 30% in the Kirkland or Sam's Club brand or spend a lot more money and get the 50% to 70% brands.

I have engaged in more discussion about fish oil than any other supplement. Just remember we could care less about the fish oil, what we are after is the EPA+DHA Omega 3 in the oil. The rule of thumb is, "the higher the price, the more Omega 3." You can save money and get the 30% in the Kirkland or Sam's Club brand or spend a lot more money and get the 50% to 70% brands.

Often I have wondered about the benefits, if any, of krill oil versus regular fish oil.    
It seems that the Phospholipids in the Krill oil play a role in HDL quality.

I have not yet found a good paper explaining this, but Neptune Technologies is doing some research on this.  I prefer whole foods, rather than drugs, but the research on this topic looks interesting.

From their website on a research on concentrated phospholipids form krill oil:
Neptune Technologies & Bioressources Inc. Reports Completion of Acasti Pharma Comparative Benchmarking Program versus Lovaza®



Laval, Québec, CANADA – November 25, 2010 – Neptune Technologies & Bioressources Inc. (“Neptune”) (NASDAQ: NEPT - TSX.V: NTB) subsidiary, Acasti Pharma Inc. (“Acasti”), reports the completion of its  preclinical program designed to compare the lipid management effects of Acasti’s drug candidate CaPreâ„¢ versus prescription drug Lovaza®.  Blood lipids were monitored in two animal models in order to assess and compare the efficacy of CaPreâ„¢ and Lovaza® over a 12-week treatment period.

    * A low daily human equivalent dose of 1g CaPreâ„¢ reduced LDL-C (bad cholesterol) levels by 40% and increased HDL-C (good cholesterol) by 180% in a normal rat model (“SD”) while 4gr of Lovaza® did not show any significant effect.
    * An even lower daily human equivalent dose of 0.5g CaPreâ„¢ was shown to be as efficient as 4g of Lovaza® in reducing triglycerides levels by 40-50% in obese rats with severe diabetes and high triglycerides (“ZDF”)


“These results suggest that a low (0.5g to 1g) daily dosing of CaPreâ„¢ is more effective than 4g Lovaza® in elevating HDL-C and lowering LDL-C and triglycerides.  These effects become even more striking considering that a 1g daily dose of CaPreâ„¢ contains 8.9 times less EPA and 11.1 times less DHA than the recommended 4g daily dose of Lovaza®. It is also important to note that the triglycerides reduction was observed only after 4 weeks and was maintained throughout the study suggesting a significant metabolic impact of CaPreâ„¢,” said Dr. Bruno Battistini, Senior Director, Pharmaceutical R&D of Acasti.

If one brand showed slight excess of PCB's, does that mean all the rest also contained PCB's only just the right amount?

What are the benefits to cardiovascular health of taking plant/algae sourced DHA vs fish sourced EPA/DHA?

What do you think of the conclusions in this blog post?
http://thehealthyskeptic.org/when-it-comes-to-fish-oil-more-is-not-better

For a "healthy" person are your recommendations the same- as in make sure to get a high quality fish oil?

I really appreciate you taking the time to write on this blog.  Thank you!
Char

or you could just eat natural food sources of omega-3, like wild salmon, tuna, sardines, grass fed butter, eggs from pastured chickens, fermented cod liver oil. then you wont need supplements.

cheers
jack k

What if you can't stand the taste of fish like salmon and sardines or fermented cod liver oil?

I'm hoping Carlsson's is good, that's what I've been taking for the past few months and I love how it tastes like lemon oil, not fishy at all.

While there is debate on the reduction in cardiovascular events with omega-3 fatty acids, I use them to achieve correction of a number of physiologic parameters:

1) Reduction of triglycerides
2) Acceleration of clearance of postprandial lipoproteins, such as chylomicrons, chylomicron remnants, and VLDL
3) Reduction of lipoprotein(a)

The data on the likelihood of cardiovascular mortality correlates inversely with RBC omega-3 EPA + DHA; the relationship is quite strong. While we lack prospective trials outside of GISSI Prevenzione on the reduction of cardiovascular death with higher levels, given the overall improved surrogate measures of risk, I believe that the data overall are sufficiently compelling.

Funny, I've been reading up about this lately. I like the fact that if we can - there is the possibility of actualy getting the appropriate amount of EPA+DHA Omega 3's by eating fish. I recently started buying sardines just for this purpose and I'm going to try real hard to incorporate oily fishes. I like it when people help others minimize the amounts of supplements they use.

dr. davis

i can't smell anything rancid in my distilled fish oil with orange flavour but its so weird its too heavy barely digests and stays as if stuck in the chest. feels horrible.

not sure what to make of it.

There are a few benefits of a plant based diet: avoiding acid load, toxin accumulation in the food chain, and another one, high lipid peroxidation level of the longer chain EFA.
So I just heard that "Reduction of triglycerides" using fish oil, is an effect of liver damage.

Just search for this book:
"Fatty acids in foods and their health implications" - Ching Kuang Chow
I just quote from the chapter V. MEMBRANE UNSATURATION AND LONGEVITY
_______________________________
In summary, the above mentioned studies provide a correlation between the maximum longevity of animals and the degree of unsaturation of membrane fatty acids. That correlation joins the previously stated one between the rate of mitochondrial oxygen radical generation and the maximum
longevity of animals. In long-lived homeothermic vertebrates, both free-radical production and the
membrane fatty acid unsaturation are lower, offering an explanation for some of the main causes of
the low aging rate peculiar to these animals. No studies have been carried out on these aspects in
relation to dietary fat and, as it will be stated below, this is another notable aspect of fatty acids and
aging.
_______________________________

Is there an over-the-counter brand of fish oil that closely matches prescription Lovaza?

westonaprice.org has very informative articles on this. Type "cod liver oil" in the search box to find their articles.  There is great info on how the better brands are manufactured.

A product similar in principal to krill oil is Vectomega.  It is a phospholipid bound salmon oil made from salmon heads.  The heads used to be discarded and this is a resource that doesn't deplete the food of whales etc.  According to the companies data, one tablet is the equivalent of eight standard capsules (probably 2.4gm of EPA+DHA).  It is a little pricey, but you will never burp it and it is very portable when you travel.  I suggest to my patients that if they regularly take much more than 2.5gm, that they get AA/EPA ratio available thru many labs.  yourfuturehealth.com,    LEF.org

Supposedly DHA converts in the body to EPA pretty easily.  Anyone know any data about taking DHA alone vs with EPA?

to come from other side, I have started to read Ray Peat's articles and he is big on the dangers and overhype of non saturated fatty acids , in particular omega 3. It makes sense that humans having developed in hot climate require primarily saturated fat to protect from heat, light and oxygen. There is a reason why fish oils smell and why vegetable oils must be deodorized, it's basically our body telling us that non saturated oils are bad for us. Ray Peat says these oils make our membranes "floppy" and our skin prone to photo dammage by the sun. Basically we need all the saturated fat we can get primarily from coconut oil and butter but polyunsaturated fats should be minimum and certainly no supplement. Read up here
http://raypeat.com/articles/articles/fishoil.shtml
http://raypeat.com/articles/articles/membranes.shtml
http://raypeat.com/articles/articles/unsaturatedfats.shtml

I take at least 900 EPA + 600 DHA fish oil daily. I usually take 1-2 softgels with each meal. I continue to experiment with higher doses, but so far, I can't tell the difference between 5 softgels daily vs 10 softgels daily except 10 softgels means 50 extra calories. Sometimes I actually need extra calories, so I've taken as much as 40 softgels in one day.

I guess I'm the only one who actually LIKES chewing my fishoil capsules. To me they are like a treat! This has the added advantage of knowing for sure if they are rancid. I've been getting Sundown Naturals for over a year - never had a bad one yet. The taste is very mild and I they never make me burp.

dr. davis i d like to know your take on this

http://raypeat.com/articles/articles/fishoil.shtml

I've found that Barlean's cod liver oil is least offensive taste-wise, followed by Spectrum. Both are molecularly distilled. I have trouble finding Barlean's, however.

In declaring EPA and DHA to be safe, the FDA neglected to evaluate their antithyroid, immunosuppressive, lipid peroxidative (Song et al., 2000), light sensitizing, and antimitochondrial effects, their depression of glucose oxidation (Delarue et al., 2003), and their contribution to metastatic cancer (Klieveri, et al., 2000), lipofuscinosis and liver damage, among other problems.

Dr. Davis,

Should Vitamin D gelcaps have an odor? I've been taking a generic drugstore brand and they always have an unpleasant smell, but I assumed they were supposed to.

Thanks!

@arnoud - phospholipid-bound Omega-3 appear to get incorporated into membranes 1.5 to 2X more than triglyceride or ethyl ester Omega-3. But Neptune researchers have not explained why krill oil reduces LDL more than Lovaza.

@Geoffrey Levens - just about every food product has small amounts of PCBs. Yes, fish oil too. Cod and Shark liver oils typically have much higher levels. More on fish oil and PCBs here.

Retroconversion of DHA to EPA is not very efficient. Roughly 10% of DHA gets converted to EPA. EPA to DHA far less efficient. Several metabolic factors affect these conversions. Bruce Holub at Univ Guelph has done great work on this. Check out PMID: 9507234 and 9076673.

@John - Several brands have 700 - 900 mg Omega-3 per pill, like Lovaza.

A few have 20-30% more Omega-3 than Lovaza:
Minami Nutrition CardiO3
OmegaVia
Ocean Blue Professional
RenewLife come to mind.

These all have over 1000 mg Omega-3 per pill.

Next-gen fish oil (pipeline) drugs like Epanova and AMR101 are mostly EPA - so worth looking into high EPA OTC formulas for a fraction of the price.

$2000 per month doesn't seem so bad.  For the three of us, two adults and one 18yr old, we pay $2600 per month.  But my wife had cancer twice:  Hodgkins Lymphoma 24 years ago and breast cancer six years ago.  Before doing anything that might be dangerous, I remind myself of the $1500 deductable.  

kevin

dr. davis

i did some research and to answer my own question on fish oil...
for those without heart disease (like me) 1 gram of fish oil is sufficient and should be taken with 4 grams of saturated fat otherwise fish oil slips through the intestines undigested. 4 grams of saturated fat is used for making the liver start bile production.


-----------------------------------
original question

dr. davis

i can't smell anything rancid in my distilled fish oil with orange flavour but its so weird its too heavy barely digests and stays as if stuck in the chest. feels horrible.

not sure what to make of it.

It is good; however the oil came from the liver. It can contain too much Vitamin A and it could be dangerous if u overdose. I suggest sticking with eating a variety of fish.

ah great info.......i live in the UK and I usually take different supplements, plz cud u tell me what should i look for while buying the fish oil....tnx in advance